Ping vs Traceroute: Differences and When to Use Each
Published: ≈ 14 min readQuick Answer Ping checks whether a destination returns Echo Replies and measures how long those exchanges take. Traceroute uses probes...
TCP Handshake Explained: How the Three-Way Handshake Works
Published: ≈ 13 min readQuick Answer The TCP three-way handshake establishes a connection through three messages: SYN, SYN-ACK and ACK. The endpoints exchange initial...
ASN Allocation: How Networks Receive Autonomous System Numbers
Published: ≈ 16 min readQuick Answer A network receives a public Autonomous System Number through the applicable regional registry process. IANA allocates ASN resources...
IPv6 Adoption: Why the Internet Still Uses IPv4
Published: ≈ 16 min readQuick Answer IPv6 adoption does not automatically remove IPv4 dependencies. A network can successfully deploy IPv6 while still needing to...
IPv4 Exhaustion: Why IPv4 Addresses Became So Valuable
Published: ≈ 26 min readQuick Answer IPv4 addresses became scarce because IPv4 uses a finite 32-bit address space, while demand for Internet connectivity continued...